Kaoting Academy: The place where Zhu Xi collected his Neo-Confucianism
Author: Zhu Qing
Source: Studying the Powerful Fujian Learning Platform
Time: Confucius Guiwei, the ninth day of the tenth month of Guimao, the year 2574
Jesus November 21, 2023
The turn of the Southern and Northern Song DynastiesJamaicans Escort, the powerful are corrupt and Confucianism is declining.
This brings about separation of people’s hearts and moral disorder, leading to social unrest, invasion by foreign powers, breakdown of the country, and loss of life.
A large number of Neo-Confucianists, such as Zhu Xi, who took it as their mission to survive and save the nation, revitalized academies, elucidated the principles of Confucius and Mencius, cultivated academic talents, and maintained the continued prosperity of the Chinese nation. Cangzhou Jingshe (Source: Jianyang District Media Center)
Cangzhou Jingshe in Kaoting, northern Fujian, is an academy founded by Zhu Xi himself, located in Mayang Creek at the foothills of Wuyi Mountain By the side.
Cangzhe, the shore of green water, has an endless stream. Zhu Xi built this academy and changed the original place name “Longyuzhou” to “Cangzhou”, which means to cultivate virtue quietly and carry forward the past and open up the future.
The academy is located in “Kaoting” (now Jianyang, Nanping City, Fujian ProvinceJM Escorts District Tancheng Street), it is said that it got its name because Huang Ziling, the imperial censor in the late Tang Dynasty, once built a “Kankao Pavilion” here to worship his father.
Here, Zhu Xi and his disciples completed the construction of the Neo-Confucian system based on the “Collected Commentary on Chapters and Sentences of the Four Books”, realizing the correction and innovation of the original Confucianism, and reflecting the hardships of Chinese civilization. Not decaying has serious consequences.
JM Escorts In the fourth year of Chunyou (1244), Emperor Lizong of the Song Dynasty praised Zhu Xi and gave him Cangzhou Jingshe was renamed “Kaoting Academy”.
Panorama of Kaoting Academy (photo by Chen Qihui)
The spiritual destination of a representative academic master
Zhu Xi’s life and the academies related to his teaching As many as 67. In the sixth year of Qiandao’s reign (1170), he successively founded four academies in northern Fujian, including Lengquan Jingshe, Yungu Huian Thatched Cottage, Wuyi Jingshe and Cangzhou Jingshe.
In the third year of Shaoxi (1192), when Zhu Xi was 63 years old, Cangzhou Jingshe was built. He taught apprentices and wrote books here, and regarded it as a memorial in his later years. A place of residence.
Daoguang version of Kaoting Academy (Source: Minbei Daily)
Why did you choose Kaoting to run the school?
It is important because Zhu Xi upheld loyalty and filial piety. When Zhu Xi was young, he went to study with his father and passed by Kaoting in Jianyang. His father, Zhu Song, praised the place for its outstanding people and said:
The mountains in Kaoting River are so clear and deep that it is possible to predict where he will live in his future year.
When Zhu Xi was 14 years old, his father died of illness, and he moved to Wufuli, Chong’an County (today’s Wuyi) with his mother.Jamaicans Sugar Daddy Shan City Wufu Town), a member of the Liu clan who was close friends with his father, lived here to study Jamaica Sugar Daddy , become an official, start a family and start a business for more than 50 years. My father’s last wish is always in my mind.
Ziyang Tower, Wufu Town, Wuyishan (Source: Fujian Discipline Inspection and Supervision)
Cangzhou Jingshe, Jamaicans Sugardaddy is composed of two parts: a family residence and a teaching place. The name of the residence “Qingsui Pavilion” is taken from the “Qingshu” mentioned by my father at that time, and it is used as a symbol of “respecting virtue, nature, Taoism, and learning” Self-encouragement was praised by later generations as “no different than the ‘Master’s Way’”.
The couplets on the door of the pavilion directly express the feelings of family and country:
Love the king and hope to be peaceful
Youguo “I’m not angry, I just accepted the fact that I have nothing to do with Mr. Xi.” Lan Yuhua said calmly without changing her expression. May the year be prosperous
Stereoscopic view of Kaoting (source: Minbei Daily)
The weather is also a main reason.
Kaoting faces water on three sides, has a wide terrain, and is adjacent to the village. He asked his mother: “Mom, I Jamaica Sugarand she are not sure whether we can be husband and wife for life, is it inappropriate to agree to this so quickly? “The neighborhood has a simple folk custom and is only three kilometers away from Jianyang City.
Coinciding with the prosperity of the paper industry in the hometown of moso bamboo in northern Fujian, engraving and printing began in Yongzhongli (today’s Masha Town) and Chonghuali (today’s Shufang Township) in Jianyang. Xing Dynasty, book publishing business is booming. “Jianyang edition books travel far and wide”JM Escorts, providing literary works, textbook compilation, academic communication, and theory dissemination Provided great benefits.
Various reasons prompted Zhu Xi to move from Chong’an to Kaoting in Jianyang, and the focus of the academy shifted accordingly.
After establishing his destiny in Kaoting, Zhu Xi devoted himself to the academy, writing books and educating people, and devoted himself to it. However, the times are unpredictable. First, the new emperor established his dynasty, and then there was turmoil in the two lakes. Political achievements are hard to come by, and he was later falsely accused of “pseudo-study” by traitors in the DPRK, and was implicated in “party ban”.
But this series of sufferings did not shake Zhu Xi’s “continuing his unique learning for the saints.” He stormed Kaoting, lectured and wrote non-stop, resisted evil and protected Taoism, and was unswervingly determined. In the last stage of his life when he was surrounded by political danger, poverty and illness, Zhu Xi used his extraordinary will and amazing perseverance to complete the revision of “The Chapter of Sincerity in the University” and “Collected Commentary on the Songs of Chu”.
Daoyuan Hall, where Zhu Xi lectured (photo by Chen Qihui)
The Kaoting School is outstanding in the history of Chinese civilization
Zhu Xi’s culmination of Neo-Confucianism,It is integrated with the founding of the academy.
It can be roughly divided into three stages. In Lengquan Jingshe and Yungu Huian Cottage, he completed “Tai Chi Diagram Interpretation”, “The Essence of the Analects”, “The Essence of Mencius” and “Zi Zhi” Works such as “Tongjian Gangmu”, “Interpretation of Ximing” and “Jinsilu” have taken shape;
In Wuyi Jingshe, he initially completed the compilation of “Collected Commentary on Chapters and Sentences of the Four Books”. He also wrote “Yixue Enlightenment”, “Correction of Filial Piety Classic”, “Zhou Zi Tong Shu”, “Collected Poems”, “Primary School”, etc., and the structure has been established;
In Cangzhou Jingshe ( Kaoting Academy), which was written as the head of “Synopsis of Mencius”, “A Study of Variations in Korean”, “A Study of Variations in the Zhouyi”, “Yi Tong Shu Yi” and “Annotations to the Songs of Chu”. “After that, he made the final revision and imprint of “Collected Commentary on Four Books and Chapters”, developing Neo-Confucianism to a new peak.
Kaoting Academy Memorial Hall (photo by Chen Qihui)
Historically, the “school represented by Zhu Xi since the Southern Song Dynasty” is called the Kaoting School because the Cangzhou Jingshe where Zhu Xi’s theory reached its perfection is in Kaoting.
The Kaoting School focused on Zhu Xi and included Cai Yuanding, Huang Qian, Cai Chen, Chen Chun, Liu Qingzhi, and James Jamaica Sugar Daddy There are 262 disciples of Zhu Xi such as Ti Ren, Liu Yao, Lin Yongzhong, Shi Shi Yao, Fan Niande, Liao Deming, Chen Mi, Li Yi, Xu Sheng, Fu Guang, Yang Ji, He Hao, Dong Zhu, Zheng Shimeng, etc., and one A large number of successors
Most of the elites of the Kaoting School are. Zhu Xi’s disciples in the academy included followers starting from Lengquan Jingshe, “dozens” of them from Wuyi Jingshe, and “hundreds” from Cangzhou Jingshe. They either participated in writings or defended the teachings of his master.
《Cangzhou “The Jingshe and the Scholars” is the Cangzhou Jingshe courtyard formula formulated by Zhu Xi, 150 wordsJamaica Sugar Daddy Contains the connotation of Zhu Xi’s teachings and teachings, teaching his disciples to establish lofty aspirations and pursue a clean life. (Photo by Lai Yaqiong)
During the Southern Song Dynasty, Fujian academies prospered and developed. According to statistics from academy researchers, “Xiao Tuo met Master Lan” in Fujian during the Northern Song Dynasty. Xi Shixun looked at Shu Shu with a sneer, with an unnatural expression on his face. There were only 3 academies, but during the Southern Song Dynasty, there were as many as 57 academies. Northern Fujian academies account for 52% of all Fujian academies, and most of them were built by scholars of the Kaoting School.
Other colleges are also connected to Khao Ting College, almost all of which were founded by Jamaicans Sugardaddy Founded by famous scholars, either the precursor or successor of the Kaoting School. Kaoting College “became the academic research and education center in the country at that time” and led to the unprecedented development of various astronomy and academies as well as the entire Chinese civilization.
Zhu Xi’s Neo-Confucianism system was transformed from philosophical speculation into official scholarship and social application, and the Kaoting School made the greatest contribution.
“Zhu Xi’s Family Instructions” incisively explains the way to cultivate one’s morality and govern one’s family. (Source: Minbei Daily)
The continuation and blooming of new light in the Chinese contextJamaica Sugar Daddy
Zhu Xi died of illness in Kaoting in the sixth year of Qingyuan (1200), and he was about to dieJamaicans EscortThe clothes and works were awarded to his disciple Huang Qian, handwritten:
My Way Trust me here, I have no regrets.
Huang Qian stayed at Cangzhou Jingshe and served Zhu Xi for three years. He led the Kaoting School and continued to give lectures and advocate until Jamaicans Sugardaddy was appointed to Jiaxing Shimen Winery and left Kaoting. In accordance with Zhu Xi’s will, his descendants moved to Jianzhou, and Cangzhou Jingshe was transformed into a place to commemorate Zhu Xi.
白Jamaica Sugar DaddyThe statue of Wen Gong (source: Northern Fujian Daily)
It will be remembered for generations and will be admired by generations. In order to commemorate the historical achievements of Zhu Xi and the Kaoting School, Cangzhou Jingshe has undergone dozens of repairs since the late Song Dynasty. Most of them were managed by the court or local officials, either expanded or rebuilt, and the scale gradually expanded; Volunteer school”, with a school land ranging from 90 acres to 500 acres.
In the first year of Baoqing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1225), Liu Kezhuang, the magistrate of Jianyang County, built the “Baiwen Gong Temple” in Kaoting. After Emperor Lizong of the Song Dynasty bestowed Jamaicans Sugardaddy with the name “Kaoting Academy”, Shi Jiwen, the transfer envoy from Fujian, rebuilt Qingsui Pavilion in the eleventh year of Chunyou (1251). , named “Yanju Temple”; in the ninth year of Xianchun (1273), the local government established the “Wengong Queli” square.
In the tenth year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1531), the imperial censor Jiang Zhao built the “Enrong” stone archway and erected it in front of the academy, which remains today.
In the forty-fourth year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1705), the emperor bestowed a plaque with the title “Great Scholar Shi Ze”; in the fifty-first year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1712), Zhu Xi was promoted to Among the ten philosophers worshiped in the Confucius Temple; in the fifty-second year of Kangxi (1713) Jamaicans Sugardaddy, because Emperor Xuan Ye compiled the “Complete Collection of Zhu Zi” “Written a preface, commenting that Zhu Xi “gathered together the knowledge that has been passed down for thousands of years, opened up the ignorance and established the inevitable rules for hundreds of millions of generations.” The main hall of Kaoting Academy, “Minglun Hall”, was renamed “Integrated Hall”. In the 24th year of Jiaqing (18Jamaicans Escort19), Ye Jian’an, the observer, rebuilt Kaoting Academy and drew the earliest and most complete extant Real picture of architectural format.
Integrated Hall is a memorial place in the academy, where Zhu Xi perfected and developed the memorial system of the academy. (Photo by Chen Qihui)
Before the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Jianyang County Sixth National School and Jianyang County Junior High School were founded based on Kaoting Academy. In 1946, due to hydrology, geographical changes and other reasons, Jianyang County Junior High School moved to the county seat, and Kaoting Academy ceased operations.
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the legacy of Kaoting AcademyJamaica Sugar DaddyThe site and relics are listed as provincial cultural relics management and protection units.
“Yes.” Lan Yuhua nodded and followed him into the room. 
Panorama of Kaoting Academy (photo by Huang Jiemin)
During his mission in Fujian, Comrade Xi Jinping paid great attention to the protection of the cultural relics of Zhu Xi and the study and inheritance of Zhu Xi’s Neo-Confucianism.
In October 1998, when Comrade Xi Jinping, then deputy secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee, visited Nanping City, Fujian Province, he specially inspected the Kaoting Academy, which was being rebuilt, where Zhu Xi lived in his later years. A place for writing and teaching. Along the way, he carefully understood ZhuJamaicans Sugardaddy‘s life story and related historical materials, and warned him sincerely:
You have these cultural relics and historical materials, and you must strengthen their protection and inheritance.
Since then, Jianyang City (now Jianyang District) has intensified the protection of Kaoting Academy, and made every effort to preserve the monuments and maintain its original appearance during reconstruction, and Zhu Xi Carry forward civilization.
Jamaica Sugar Entering a new era, Khao Ting College is inheriting and promoting Chinese excellence Traditional civilization is revitalized in the upsurge.
In the autumn of 2019, with the attention and support of party committees and authorities at all levels, Kaoting Academy carried out overall planning and reconstruction. The reconstructed building JM Escorts FacilitiesJamaicans Sugardaddy takes Daoyuan Hall, Jiji Hall, Taiji Square and Qingyun Building as the main body to display lectures, memorial services, book collection and other functions respectively; it also built a supporting view consisting of Mingli Garden, Quanxue Garden and Boxue Garden. Book garden.
Thousands of Autumn Ode to Lianlang (photo by Li Shiyu)
The modern reconstruction of Khao Ting College and how it keeps pace with the times and shines with new light? All sectors of society have high expectations.
Continue the context and transform innovation. On March 22, 2021, by the Jiuqu River in Wuyi Mountain, General Secretary Xi Jinping, who was taking an assessment in Fujian, walked into Zhu Xi Garden. He emphasized:
We must pay special attention to discovering China’s Five Thousand People The essence of the Chinese civilization, combining the promotion of excellent traditional civilization with Marxist positions, viewpoints and methods, and unswervingly following the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
This provides the basis for running Kaoting College successfully and promoting the revitalization of the school.
The Institute of Philosophy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Fujian Academy of Social Sciences jointly established the Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism Research Center. In recent years, they have jointly held the annual “Jamaica Sugar DaddyKaoting Forum” has attracted Chinese and foreign scholars to come in droves to conduct academic exchanges around topics such as “Renaissance of Chinese Academy and Its Contemporary Value” and achieved a series of new results.
Various “Zhu Zi’s Road” study camps composed of young students from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan visited the Kao Pavilion to understand the important position of the academy in the history of national development and to understand China. The splendor of civilization.
Party and government agencies, schools, and academic groups at all levels held the “Kaoting Academy Lecture Hall” lecture activities here, which were open to the public and formed a system, which was enthusiastically received. welcome. (This article is reproduced from the Fujian Learning Platform)
Editor: Jin Fu